The variation in species-based information has been the most commonly used approach to quantify how biodiversity varies through space and time, omitting the different evolutionary histories of each species and the fact that communities are constituted of species with different ecological roles. Stream biodiversity patterns have been demonstrated to be related to local-, catchment-, and regional-scale variables, but it is still an open question how these different sets of variables affect different facets of biodiversity in streams ecosystems (i.e., traits and phylogeny). In this thesis, I investigated large-scale biodiversity patterns across northern streams by assessing the influence of different sets of variables (ranging from local habitat to large-scale geographical) underlying these patterns and through the investigation of different facets of biodiversity (i.e., species, traits and phylogenies).
Population health has been inseparable from the spatial constitution of the modern capitalist state since the 19th century and particularly after World War II. Perceived as a wide-ranging political problematic beyond the traditional scope of medical systems, population health has become one of the most significant objects of political power and governmental interventions.
The research offers new perspectives to the literature on state spatial transformation by conceptualising and investigating political geographies of health care. The study concludes that health care is an important organising element of the relationship between state power, state space and population and thus plays a crucial role in the historically contingent constitution and transformation of state spatiality.
The study of borders has confronted us with a variety of new challenges. The current global political environment is characterised by re-bordering dynamics that remind us of the modern form of state territorial sovereignty. The EU attempts to confront conflicts and political challenges in its neighbourhood by establishing a cross-border strategy based on integrated border management and cross-border cooperation activities at its external borders.
By re-visiting the role of territory in the EU’s cross-border cooperation network, Katharina examines how the cooperation actor’s perception of ‘stable’ borders securitises cross-border cooperation. The study concludes that sub-national actors have developed strategies to address and overcome the territorialities of EU funded Finnish-Russian cross-border cooperation by building trustful relations that are crucial in the current diplomatic climate between the EU and Russia.
This year’s Yearbook is focusing on the theme of everyday security and inequality, the topic that has become increasingly relevant question in internationalizing Finland. The three papers of this Yearbook are discussing the problematic of security and inequality through different material and virtual sites. The key interest is how everyday security and insecurity are produced and lived out and how ordinary people experience societal circumstances and changes in their own livelihoods.
The article from Eva Kaján studies the migration-related discourses of ‘hate speech’ in the Finnish speaking dark net. Sara Haapanen’s article shows how social inequality becomes visible in the breadline in Helsinki and how it is experienced by the people in need. The discussion paper from Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola, Vilhelmiina Vainikka and Eva Kaján reports the findings of a survey conducted in Lappeenranta and Tornio, in Finland. The survey measured how people perceive their hometown from the perspective of security and inequality and what are their attitude towards migration-related demonstrations. The papers point out how the production of securities and insecurities are in many ways geographical and contextual in nature. The research has been supported by Multilayered Border of Global Security (GLASE) consortium, funded by the Strategic Research Council at the Academy of Finland (#303527).
Climate is seen as one of the most important resources of a tourist destination and recently there has been increasing interest in the impacts of climate change on tourism. This study analyses the possible impacts of climate change on Botswana’s tourism industry as perceived by operators and policy makers with a view to identifying adaptation needs. Two ecologically distinct areas of Tshabong (Kgalagadi desert) and Maun (Okavango Delta wetlands) in Botswana were targeted as case studies. The results indicate that the tourism operators in both areas are not proactive in institutionalising adaptations against the potential impacts of climate change because they saw the consequences affecting their operations only in the future while policy makers decried limited information and uncertainty as constraints to appropriate responses to climate change. The study concludes that appropriate adaptation strategies need to be devised despite uncertainties and inadequate knowledge on the subject.
How do we evaluate our life’s work, the reflexive understanding of our role in the reproduction of society, when we are certain our children's lives will be different from ours? How is space produced between Hong Kong and Shenzhen, two metropolises constituted of air-conditioned passageways, concourses and tunnels that aim to disorientate the traveller? Bringing the family back into the study of borders and global inequality, Jonathan traces the emotional and familial nature of links across distance and difference to produce a narrative of the recent history of the Hong Kong-Shenzhen border. He shows that if we take the time to listen to those who love across borders, we can find hidden possibilities embedded in seemingly impossible situations.
Nordia Geographical Publications (NGP) is a non-profit peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Geographical Society of Northern Finland and the Geography Research Unit at the University of Oulu.
The Geographical Society of Northern Finland also publishes the Nordia Tiedonantoja (NT) series. You can find the series here.
