@article{Kaján_2017, title={Hate online: Anti-immigration rhetoric in Darknet}, volume={46}, url={https://nordia.journal.fi/article/view/69864}, abstractNote={<p>The worsening conditions in the Middle-East and Sub-Saharan Africa have <br>resulted in millions of asylum seekers entering the European Union. Also, Finland <br>received over ten times more asylum seekers in 2015 than the previous years. The <br>irregular migration has generated many public discussions and demonstrations at the <br>local and national level against and for asylum seekers. Furthermore, online hate speech <br>has increased and intensified. This research examines how asylum seekers are portrayed <br>in a discussion forum inside Darknet. The results show that this forum holds three distinct <br>hate-related themes when discussing asylum seekers. These were related to imported <br>violence, economics and cultural identity. Hate speech is targeted towards very specific <br>ethnic groups and religion(s), which resonate the current geopolitical situation in Finland <br>concerning asylum seekers. In addition, hate extends beyond asylum seekers into <br>Finnish society, where it’s expressed as negative speech towards the authorities and <br>pro-immigration movement. The results also indicate that despite the Darknet’s reputation <br>of being an unregulated online space, there are some rules, which guide the dialogues.</p>}, number={3}, journal={Nordia Geographical Publications}, author={Kaján, Eva}, year={2017}, month={Dec.}, pages={3–22} }